Ifá
Ifá veya Fá, Batı Afrika'daki Yorubaland kökenli bir jeomantik sistemdir. Temelleri Yorubaların geleneksel dinine dayanmaktadır. Ayrıca Batı Afrika Vudu ve Küba Santeríası gibi bazı Afrika diasporik dinlerinin takipçileri tarafından da uygulanmaktadır.
Geleneksel bilgiye göre, Ifâ, Yorubaland'daki Ile-Ife şehrinde başladı.[1] O zamandan sonra, Aşağı Nijerya'da ve batıda kıyı Benin ve Togo'da ve ardından Gana'da uygulanmaya başlandı.[1] Ayrıca, bazı Afrika diasporik dinlerinde uygulandığı Amerika'ya da götürüldü.[1]
UNESCO, 2008 yılında Ifá'yı "İnsanlığın Sözlü ve Somut Olmayan Mirasının Başyapıtları" listesine ekledi.[2][3]
Kaynakça
[değiştir | kaynağı değiştir]- ^ a b c Rush 2017.
- ^ Landry 2019.
- ^ "Ifa Divination System". Erişim tarihi: 5 Temmuz 2017.
Bibliyografya
[değiştir | kaynağı değiştir]- Capone, Stefania (2010). Searching for Africa in Brazil: Power and Tradition in Candomblé. Lucy Lyall Grant tarafından çevrildi. Durham and London: Duke University Press. ISBN 978-0-8223-4636-4.
- Castañeda, Angela N. (2007). "The African Diaspora in Mexico: Santería, Tourism, and Representations of the State". Theodore Louis Trost (Ed.). The African Diaspora and the Study of Religion. New York: Palgrave Macmillan. ss. 131-50. doi:10.1057/9780230609938_8. ISBN 978-1403977861.
- Clark, Mary Ann (2005). Where Men Are Wives And Mothers Rule: Santería Ritual Practices and their Gender Implications. Gainesville: University Press of Florida. ISBN 978-0813028347.
- Conner, Randy P. (2005). "Rainbow's Children: Diversity of Gender and Sexuality in African-Diasporic Spiritual Traditions". Patrick Bellegarde-Smith (Ed.). Fragments of Bone: Neo-African Religions in a New World. Urbana and Chicago: University of Illinois Press. ss. 143-166. ISBN 978-0-252-07205-5.
- Fernández Olmos, Margarite; Paravisini-Gebert, Lizabeth (2011). Creole Religions of the Caribbean: An Introduction from Vodou and Santería to Obeah and Espiritismo. second. New York and London: New York University Press. ISBN 978-0-8147-6228-8.
- Hagedorn, Katherine J. (2001). Divine Utterances: The Performance of Afro-Cuban Santería. Washington, D.C.: Smithsonian Books. ISBN 978-1560989479.
- Hayes, Kelly E. (2007). "Black Magic and the Academy: Macumba and Afro-Brazilian "Orthodoxies"". History of Religions. 46 (4). ss. 283-31. JSTOR 10.1086/518811.
- Holbraad, Martin (2005). "Expending Multiplicity: Money in Cuban Ifá Cults". The Journal of the Royal Anthropological Institute. 11 (2). ss. 231-254. doi:10.1111/j.1467-9655.2005.00234.x. JSTOR 3804208.
- Holbraad, Martin (2012). "Truth Beyond Doubt: Ifá Oracles in Havana". HAU: Journal of Ethnographic Theory. 2 (1). ss. 81-109. doi:10.14318/hau2.1.006.
- Landry, Timothy R. (2019). Vodún: Secrecy and the Search for Divine Power. Philadelphia: University of Pennsylvania Press. ISBN 978-0812250749.
- Miller, Ivor L. (2014). "Abakuá Communities in Florida: Members of the Cuban Brotherhood in Exile". Amanda Carlson and Robin Poynor (Ed.). Africa in Florida: Five Hundred Years of African Presence in the Sunshine State. University Press of Florida. ss. 249-275. ISBN 978-0813044576.
- Papenfuss, Maria (2023). "Santería in Catemaco, Mexico: Hybrid (Re)Configurations of Religious Meaning and Practice". Interdisciplinary Journal for Religion and Transformation in Contemporary Society. Cilt 9. ss. 375-94. doi:10.30965/23642807-bja10044
. - Pérez y Mena, Andrés I. (1998). "Cuban Santería, Haitian Vodun, Puerto Rican Spiritualism: A Multiculturalist Inquiry into Syncretism". Journal for the Scientific Study of Religion. 37 (1). ss. 15-27. doi:10.2307/1388026. JSTOR 1388026.
- Rush, Diana (2017). Vodun in Coastal Bénin: Unfinished, Open-Ended, Global. Critical Investigations of the African Diaspora. Nashville: Vanderbilt University Press. ISBN 978-0826519085.
- Vélez, María Teresa (2000). Drumming For The Gods: The Life and Times of Felipe Garcia Villamil, Santero, Palero and Abakuá. Studies in Latin American and Caribbean Music. Philadelphia: Temple University Press. ISBN 978-1566397315.
- Wedel, Johan (2004). Santería Healing: A Journey into the Afro-Cuban World of Divinities, Spirits, and Sorcery. Gainesville: University Press of Florida. ISBN 978-0-8130-2694-7.
- Wirtz, Kristina (2007). Ritual, Discourse, and Community in Cuban Santería: Speaking a Sacred World. Gainesville: University Press of Florida. ISBN 978-0-8130-3064-7.
