Beca dili

Beca dili (Bidhaawyeet veya Tubdhaawi), Kızıldeniz'in batı kıyısında Beca halkı tarafından konuşulan Kuşitik koluna bağlı bir Afro-Asyatik dildir. Konuşanları Mısır, Sudan ve Eritre'nin bazı bölgelerinde yaşamaktadır. Ethnologue'a göre 2022 itibarıyla Sudan'da 2.550.000, Eritre'de ise 121.000 Beca konuşanı vardı. 2023 itibarıyla Mısır'da tahmini 88.000 Beca konuşanı bulunmaktadır. Üç ülkedeki toplam Beca konuşanı sayısı 2.759.000'dir.^[1]

Kaynakça

^ "Beja". Ethnologue. 15 Eylül 2025 tarihinde kaynağından arşivlendi. Erişim tarihi: 11 Eylül 2023.

Kaynaklar

Almkvist, Herman (1881). Die Bischari-Sprache Tū-Beḍāwie in Nordost-Afrika. Upsala: Akademisch Buchdruckerei.
Appleyard, David (2007). "Beja Morphology". Kaye, Alan S. (Ed.). Morphologies of Asia and Africa. Winona Lake, Ind.: Eisenbrauns. ss. 447-479. ISBN 978-1-57506-109-2.
Browne, Gerald (2003). Textus blemmyicus in aetatis christianae. Champaign, Illinois: Stipes Publish L.L.C. ISBN 978-1-58874-275-9.
Ehret, Christopher (2008). "The primary branches of Cushitic: Seriating the diagnostic sound change rules". Bengston, John (Ed.). In Hot Pursuit of Language in Prehistory: Essays in the four fields of anthroplogy. Amsterdam: John Benjamins Publishing Company. ss. 149-160. ISBN 9789027232526.
Hamid Ahmed, Mohamed-Tahir (2010). "L'Espace et la poésie bedja (Soudan)". Journal des Africanistes. 79 (2). ss. 171-18711 Kasım 2017.
Hetzron, Robert (1980). "The Limits of Cushitic". SUGIA. Cilt 2. ss. 7-125.
Lamberti, Marcello (1991). "Cushitic and Its Classifications". Anthropos. 86 (4/6). ss. 552-561.
أوريب, مهمود واحمد ابوبكر (2019). تِگْرايَاوَ إِسَوادِيتْ كَنَانْ إِكُوَرانِي هَرْفيِ. Port Sudan: Red Sea University.
محمد, محمد أدروب. قاموس بِذاوِيّت/عربي. Port Sudan.
Mohammed Ahmed, Mahmud (2004). Oomraay. Asmara: Semhar Press.
Reinisch, Leo (1893). Die Beḍauye-Sprache in Nordost-Afrika. Wien: Kaiserlich Akademie der Wissenschaften.
Roper, E.M. (1927). "The Poetry of the Haḍenḍiwa". Sudan Notes and Records. Cilt 10. ss. 147-158.
Roper, E.M. (1928). Tu Beḍawiɛ: An Elementary Handbook for the Use of Sudan Government Officials. Hertford: Stephen Austin and Sons, Ltd.
Satzinger, Helmut (2014). "The Barbarian Names on the Ostraca from the Eastern Desert (3rd Century CE)". Inside and Out. Interactions between Rome and the Peoples on the Arabian and Egyptian Frontiers in Late Antiquity. LAHR. ss. 199-212. ISBN 978-90-429-3124-4.
Swackhamer, Jeanette. "Dabaab". Bidhaawyeetiit Kitaabaati Kitab. 15 Temmuz 2025 tarihinde kaynağından arşivlendi. Erişim tarihi: 11 Kasım 2017.
Swackhamer, Jeanette (2013). "Ooktaab Oowin". Bidhaawyeetiit Kitaabaati Kitab. 15 Temmuz 2025 tarihinde kaynağından arşivlendi. Erişim tarihi: 11 Kasım 2017.
Tosco, Mauro (2000). "Cushitic Overview". Journal of Ethiopian Studies. 33 (2). ss. 87-121.
Vanhove, Martine (2011). "Towards a semantic map of the Optative in Beja (North-Cushitic)". Busetto, Luca; Sottile, Roberto; Tonelli, Livia; Tosco, Mauro (Ed.). He bitaney lagge. Dedicato a / Dedicated to Marcello Lamberti. Saggi di Linguistica e Africanistica. Essays in Linguistics and African Studies. ss. 231-246.
Vanhove, Martine (2006). "The Beja Language Today in Sudan: The State of the Art in Linguistics". Proceedings of the 7th International Sudan Studies Conference April 6 – 8 2006. University of Bergen.
Vanhove, Martine (2014). "Beja Grammatical Sketch". The CorpAfroAs Corpus of Spoken AfroAsiatic Languages. doi:10.1075/scl.68.website.
Vanhove, Martine (2017). Le Bedja. Leuven: Peeters. ISBN 978-9042935167.
Vanhove, Martine (2020a). "North-Cushitic". Vossen, Rainer; Dimmendaal, Gerrit J. (Ed.). The Oxford Handbook of African Languages (PDF). Oxford University Press. ss. 300-307. doi:10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199609895.013.63. ISBN 9780199609895.
Vanhove, Martine (2020b). "Beja". Lucas, Christopher; Manfredi, Stefano (Ed.). Arabic and contact-induced change. Berlin: Language Science Press. ss. 419-439. ISBN 978-3-96110-251-8.
Wedekind, Klaus; Mohammed, Mahmud (2008). "A Beja saga in four dialects: Lexical and other differences". Takács, Gábor (Ed.). Semito-Hamitic Festschrift for A. B. Dogopolsky and H. Jungraithmayr. Berlin: Reimer. ss. 266-378.
Wedekind, Klaus; Wedekind, Charlotte; Musa, Abuzeinab (2004–2005). Beja Pedagogical Grammar (PDF). Aswan and Asmara.
Wedekind, Klaus; Wedekind, Charlotte; Musa, Abuzeinab (2007). A Learner's Grammar of Beja (East Sudan). Cologne: Rüdiger Köppe Verlag.
Wedekind, Klaus (2006). "Beja Narratives: Pursuit of Participants and Analysis of Aspects". Ethnorema. Cilt 2. ss. 101-128. ISSN 1826-8803.
Wedekind, Klaus (2010). "More on the Ostracon of Browne's Textus Blemmyicus". Annali, Sezione Orientale. Cilt 70. ss. 73-81. ISSN 0393-3180.
Wedekind, Klaus; Musa, Musa; Mahamed, Feki; Talib, Mohamed (2017). "Forthcoming - Klaus Wedekind, with Abuzeinab Musa, Feki Mahamed, Mohamed Talib, et. al., "Trilingual dictionary of Beja" [arranged by the provenience of entries: S. Egypt, E. Sudan, N. Eritrea]". 15 Temmuz 2025 tarihinde kaynağından arşivlendi. Erişim tarihi: 11 Kasım 2017.
Zaborski, Andrzej (1988). "Remarks on the Verb in Beja". Arbeitman, Yoël (Ed.). Fucus: A Semitic/Afrasian Gathering in Remembrance of Albert Ehrman. John Benjamins Publishing. ss. 491-498. ISBN 978-9027235527.
Zaborski, Andrzej (1997). "Problems of the Beja Present Seven Years Ago". Lingua Posnaniensis. Cilt 39. ss. 145-153.

Dış bağlantılar

Abuzeinab Muhammed's papers on Academia.edu (alternate name of Abuzeinab Musa)
Klaus Wedekind's papers on Academia.edu
Martine Vanhove's papers on Academia.edu
Bidhaawyeetiit Kitaabaati Kitab Website (literacy primers and stories in Beja)
BejaLanguage.org Website (texts in Beja including stories, songs, missionary Bible translations with audio)
Martine Vanhove's contribution on Beja to DoReCo

[Bej-1] "Beja". Ethnologue. 15 Eylül 2025 tarihinde kaynağından arşivlendi. Erişim tarihi: 11 Eylül 2023.

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