Beytsayda

Beytsayda
بيت صيد (Arapça)
	Demir Çağı şehir kapısında ayakta duran taşlardan oluşan tapınak
	Beytsayda Syria Golan#Syria haritasındaki konumu. Beytsayda Beytsayda (Suriye)
Diğer adı	בית צידה (İbranice)
Konum	Golan Tepeleri
Koordinatlar	32°54′37″K 35°37′50″D / 32.91028°K 35.63056°D
Tarihçe
Kuruluş	M.Ö. 1. yüzyıl
Terk ediliş	M.S. 65

Beytsayda veya Betsayda (Grekçe: Βηθσαϊδά, romanize: Bēthsaïdá; Aramice ve İbranice: בֵּית צַידָה, romanize: Bēṯ Ṣayḏā çev. 'Balıkçının evi' ya da 'Avcının evi', İbranice צ-י-ד kökünden Arapça: بيت صيدا, romanize: Ṣaydā),^[1]^[2]^[3] aynı zamanda Julias veya Julia olarak da bilinir (Grekçe: Ἰουλία, romanize: Ioulía), Yeni Ahit'te adı geçen bir yerdir. Julias, günümüzde İsrail işgali altındaki Suriye'nin Golan Tepeleri'nde bulunan Gaulonitis olarak bilinen bir idari bölgede bulunuyordu. Tarihçiler, ismin rabbinik literatürde Ṣayḏān (İbranice: צַידָן) sıfatıyla da geçtiğini öne sürmüşlerdir.^[a]^[b]

Ayrıca bakınız

Notlar

^ Historical geographer Samuel Klein opines that this place is to be recognised in the name Ṣaidan of Mishnah Gittin 7:5, Mishnah Avodah Zarah 3:7, Mishnah Gittin 4:7 (BT Gittin 46a), and Jerusalem Talmud (Sheḳalim 6:2). Klein wrote: "`Bethsaida = Julias at the confluence of the Jordan in the lake, [a place] not proven in Jewish tradition.` (Sch.) – However, I suspect that Bethsaida occurs in the Talmudic literature called Ṣaidan. ...The fact that the name Ṣaidan (İbranice: ציידן) is not preceded by the word 'Beth' (İbranice: בית) presents no difficulty in explaining the two names as being identical, since similar things are more common among Galilean names (e.g. Maon and Meron; Beth-Maon and Beth-Meron)" (Klein 1915:167–168). Herbert Danby, in his English translation of the Mishnah, erroneously transliterated the proper name İbranice: צידן in all places as "Sidon" in Phoenicia, even though Sidon is almost always spelt in Hebrew as İbranice: צִידוֹן, with a waw (İbranice: ו). Marcus Jastrow also follows the general view that İbranice: צידן is none other than Sidon of Phoenicia. Conversely, the Yemenite Babylonian Talmud, punctuated by Yosef Amir, has distinguished between the two sites, assigning the vowels pataḥ and qamaṣ for Ṣaidan = İbranice: צַידָן, but ḥiraq and ḥolam for the Phoenician city Sidon = İbranice: צִידוֹן. German theologian H.W. Kuhn, citing archaeologist Richard A. Freund (Freund 1995:267–311), further supports this view, and writes: "The Rabbinic literature in which Bethsaida appears, as already mentioned, is never called 'Julias', but rather speaks of '(Beth-)saida' (İbranice: ציידן = Ṣaidan, etc.; [whereas] İbranice: בית ציידן = Beth ṣaidan, or anything similar, also does not appear in rabbinic texts), so like the canonical gospels, it uses this name for the village. From these texts I refer merely to one [village] presumably" (Kuhn 2015:153). An anecdote has been passed down in the Midrash Rabba (Kohelet Rabba 2:11), where Hadrian asked Rabbi Yehoshua b. Hananiah about the preeminence of the Land of Israel over other lands, particularly where the Scripture (Deuteronomy 8:9) imputes of the country that it is "a land wherein you shall eat bread without scarceness, [and] you shall not lack any thing therein." When asked whether or not the country could produce for him three things: peppercorns, pheasants (phasianum) and silk, the rabbi brought for him peppercorns from Nasḥana, pheasants from Ṣaidan and silk from Gush Halav, – meaning, the place was reckoned as in the Land of Israel proper.
^ In the Jerusalem Talmud (Sheḳalim 6:2), after mentioning Lake Hulah and the Sea of Galilee, Saidan is then mentioned as a place where there was an abundance of different kinds of fish, as alluded to in Ezekiel 47:8–10, and where it was said of a certain river that "their fish shall be after their kinds." Klein has speculated that this Saidan refers to Bethsaida along the Jordan River (Klein 1915:167–168).^[4]

Kaynakça

^ "Dictionary.com | Meanings & Definitions of English Words". Dictionary.com (İngilizce). 6 Ekim 2025 tarihinde kaynağından arşivlendi. Erişim tarihi: 26 Ekim 2025.
^ Schuster, Ruth. "Archaeologist thinks he found the real Biblical Bethsaida, where Jesus walked on water". Haaretz.com (İngilizce). Erişim tarihi: 26 Ekim 2025.
^ "Text and Tell: The Excavations at Bethsaida | Plymouth Brethren Writings". plymouthbrethren.org (İngilizce). 17 Eylül 2025 tarihinde kaynağından arşivlendi. Erişim tarihi: 26 Ekim 2025.
^ Ishtori Haparchi, Kaftor wa-Ferach vol. 2, (3rd edition, published by ed. Avraham Yosef Havatzelet), chapter 11, Jerusalem 2007, p. 54 (note 30) (Hebrew).

Bibliyografya

Freund, Richard A. (1995). "The Search for the Bethsaida in Rabbinic Literature". Bethsaida: A City by the North Shore of the Sea of Galilee (İngilizce). Cilt 1. Kirksville, Mo.: Thomas Jefferson University Press.
Klein, S. (1915). "Hebräische Ortsnamen bei Josephus". Monatsschrift für die Geschichte und Wissenschaft des Judenthums (Almanca). 59 (7/9). Breslau. ss. 167-168. JSTOR 23080489.
Kuhn, Heinz-Wolfgang (2015). Bethsaida – Julias (et-Tell), the First Twenty-Five Years of Excavation (1987–2011). Vandenhoech & Ruprecht. ISBN 978-3-525-54025-1.
Bu makale, şu anda kamu malı olan bir yayın olan International Standard Bible Encyclopedia'nın "Beytsayda" makalesinden metin içermektedir.

Konuyla ilgili yayınlar

Arav R and RA Freund (2004) Bethsaida: A City by the North Shore of the Sea of Galilee Truman State University. 978-1-931112-39-0.
Bethsaida: An Ancient Fishing Village on the shore of the Sea of Galilee , 2001, Israel Ministry of Foreign Affairs.

Dış bağlantılar

[4] Historical geographer Samuel Klein opines that this place is to be recognised in the name Ṣaidan of Mishnah Gittin 7:5, Mishnah Avodah Zarah 3:7, Mishnah Gittin 4:7 (BT Gittin 46a), and Jerusalem Talmud (Sheḳalim 6:2). Klein wrote: "`Bethsaida = Julias at the confluence of the Jordan in the lake, [a place] not proven in Jewish tradition.` (Sch.) – However, I suspect that Bethsaida occurs in the Talmudic literature called Ṣaidan. ...The fact that the name Ṣaidan (İbranice: ציידן) is not preceded by the word 'Beth' (İbranice: בית) presents no difficulty in explaining the two names as being identical, since similar things are more common among Galilean names (e.g. Maon and Meron; Beth-Maon and Beth-Meron)" (Klein 1915:167–168). Herbert Danby, in his English translation of the Mishnah, erroneously transliterated the proper name İbranice: צידן in all places as "Sidon" in Phoenicia, even though Sidon is almost always spelt in Hebrew as İbranice: צִידוֹן, with a waw (İbranice: ו). Marcus Jastrow also follows the general view that İbranice: צידן is none other than Sidon of Phoenicia. Conversely, the Yemenite Babylonian Talmud, punctuated by Yosef Amir, has distinguished between the two sites, assigning the vowels pataḥ and qamaṣ for Ṣaidan = İbranice: צַידָן, but ḥiraq and ḥolam for the Phoenician city Sidon = İbranice: צִידוֹן. German theologian H.W. Kuhn, citing archaeologist Richard A. Freund (Freund 1995:267–311), further supports this view, and writes: "The Rabbinic literature in which Bethsaida appears, as already mentioned, is never called 'Julias', but rather speaks of '(Beth-)saida' (İbranice: ציידן = Ṣaidan, etc.; [whereas] İbranice: בית ציידן = Beth ṣaidan, or anything similar, also does not appear in rabbinic texts), so like the canonical gospels, it uses this name for the village. From these texts I refer merely to one [village] presumably" (Kuhn 2015:153). An anecdote has been passed down in the Midrash Rabba (Kohelet Rabba 2:11), where Hadrian asked Rabbi Yehoshua b. Hananiah about the preeminence of the Land of Israel over other lands, particularly where the Scripture (Deuteronomy 8:9) imputes of the country that it is "a land wherein you shall eat bread without scarceness, [and] you shall not lack any thing therein." When asked whether or not the country could produce for him three things: peppercorns, pheasants (phasianum) and silk, the rabbi brought for him peppercorns from Nasḥana, pheasants from Ṣaidan and silk from Gush Halav, – meaning, the place was reckoned as in the Land of Israel proper.

[6] In the Jerusalem Talmud (Sheḳalim 6:2), after mentioning Lake Hulah and the Sea of Galilee, Saidan is then mentioned as a place where there was an abundance of different kinds of fish, as alluded to in Ezekiel 47:8–10, and where it was said of a certain river that "their fish shall be after their kinds." Klein has speculated that this Saidan refers to Bethsaida along the Jordan River (Klein 1915:167–168).^[4]

[1] "Dictionary.com | Meanings & Definitions of English Words". Dictionary.com (İngilizce). 6 Ekim 2025 tarihinde kaynağından arşivlendi. Erişim tarihi: 26 Ekim 2025.

[2] Schuster, Ruth. "Archaeologist thinks he found the real Biblical Bethsaida, where Jesus walked on water". Haaretz.com (İngilizce). Erişim tarihi: 26 Ekim 2025.

[3] "Text and Tell: The Excavations at Bethsaida | Plymouth Brethren Writings". plymouthbrethren.org (İngilizce). 17 Eylül 2025 tarihinde kaynağından arşivlendi. Erişim tarihi: 26 Ekim 2025.

[5] Ishtori Haparchi, Kaftor wa-Ferach vol. 2, (3rd edition, published by ed. Avraham Yosef Havatzelet), chapter 11, Jerusalem 2007, p. 54 (note 30) (Hebrew).

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g t d Yeni Ahit'te İsa ile ilişkilendirilen yerler
Celile	Aenon Beytsayda Cana Kefernahum Chorazin Gennesaret Mount of Transfiguration Nain Nasıra Celile denizi
Yahudiye	Bethany Beytesta Betlehem Bethphage Golgota Emmaus Gabbatha Getsemani Eriha Kudüs Tapınağı Zeytin Dağı
Diğer	Betabara Caesarea Maritima Caesarea Philippi Mısır Ceraş Şam yolu Sychar Ümmü Kays
In Ilo Uno Unum