Felsefi karamsarlar listesi

Bu, eserlerinde felsefi olarak kötümser görüşlerini önemli ölçüde ifade etmiş ve tarihine katkıda bulunmuş filozofların listesidir.

Liste

Resim	Ad	Doğum tarihi	Ölüm tarihi	Milliyet
	Bahnsen, JuliusJulius Bahnsen^[1]^[2]	30 Mart 1830	7 Aralık 1881	Alman
—	Benatar, DavidDavid Benatar^[3]^[4]^[5]	8 Aralık 1966	—	Güney Afrikalı
	Buddha, GautamaGautama Buddha^[6]^[7]^(s130)	y. MÖ 563	y. MÖ 483	Hint
	Cabrera, JulioJulio Cabrera^[8]^[9]^[10]	1944	—	Arjantinli
	Camus, AlbertAlbert Camus^[11]^[12]^[13]	7 Kasım 1913	4 Ocak 1960	Fransız
	Caraco, AlbertAlbert Caraco^[14]	8 Temmuz 1919	7 Eylül 1971	Fransız-Uruguaylı
	Cioran, EmilEmil Cioran^[12]^[13]	8 Nisan 1911	20 Haziran 1995	Romanyalı
—	Cooper, David E.David E. Cooper^[15]	1 Ekim 1942	—	İngiliz
—	Hegesias, Hegesias^[16]^[13]	y. MÖ 290	y. MÖ 290	Yunan
	Dalton, DrewDrew Dalton^[17]	?	—	Amerikalı
	Gracián, BaltasarBaltasar Gracián^[13]	8 Ocak 1601	6 Aralık 1658	İspanyol
	Hartmann, Eduard vonEduard von Hartmann^[1]^[4]^[5]^[2]	23 Şubat 1842	5 Haziran 1906	Alman
—	Horstmann, UlrichUlrich Horstmann^[18]	31 Mayıs 1949	—	Alman
	Hayyam, ÖmerÖmer Hayyam^[19]	18 Mayıs 1048	4 Aralık 1131	İranlı
	Leopardi, GiacomoGiacomo Leopardi^[1]^[12]	29 Haziran 1798	14 Haziran 1837	İtalyan
—	Ligotti, ThomasThomas Ligotti^[7]^[13]	9 Temmuz 1953	—	Amerikalı
	el-Maarrî, Ebu'l-AlâEbu'l-Alâ el-Maarrî^[19]	Aralık 973	Mayıs 1057	Arap
	Mainländer, PhilippPhilipp Mainländer^[1]^[2]	5 Ekim 1841	1 Nisan 1876	German
	Michelstaedter, CarloCarlo Michelstaedter^[20]	3 Haziran 1887	17 Ekim 1910	İtalyan
	Nietzsche, FriedrichFriedrich Nietzsche^[12]^[5]^[13]	15 Ekim 1844	25 Ağustos 1900	Alman
	Plümacher, OlgaOlga Plümacher^[1]^[2]	27 Mayıs 1839	y. 15 Haziran 1895	Alman
	Pascal, BlaiseBlaise Pascal^[12]^[13]	19 Haziran 1623	19 Ağustos 1662	Fransız
	Schopenhauer, ArthurArthur Schopenhauer^[21]^[22]^[4]^[5]	22 Şubat 1788	21 Eylül 1860	Alman
—	Taubert, AgnesAgnes Taubert^[1]^[2]	7 Ocak 1844	8 Mayıs 1877	Alman
—	Thacker, EugeneEugene Thacker^[23]	?	—	Amerikalı
—	Tønnessen, HermanHerman Tønnessen^[24]	24 Temmuz 1918	2001	Norveçli-Kanadalı
	Unamuno, Miguel deMiguel de Unamuno^[25]^[12]	29 Eylül 1864	31 Aralık 1936	İspanyol
	Zapffe, Peter WesselPeter Wessel Zapffe^[26]^[27]^[4]	18 Aralık 1899	12 Ekim 1990	Norveçli

Kaynakça

^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f Beiser, Frederick C. (2016). Weltschmerz: Pessimism in German Philosophy, 1860–1900 (İngilizce). Oxford: Oxford University Press. ISBN 978-0-19-876871-5. OCLC 929590292. 29 Eylül 2024 tarihinde kaynağından arşivlendi. Erişim tarihi: 25 Haziran 2025.
^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e Sully, James (1877). Pessimism: A History and a Criticism (İngilizce). Londra: Henry S. King & Co.
^ Benatar, David (2006). Better Never to Have Been: The Harm of Coming into Existence. Oxford University Press. ISBN 978-0199296422.
^ ^a ^b ^c ^d Coates, Ken (2016). Anti-Natalism: Rejectionist Philosophy from Buddhism to Benatar. First Edition Design Publishing. ISBN 978-1506-902-40-1.
^ ^a ^b ^c ^d Prescott, Paul (2012). "What Pessimism Is" (PDF). Journal of Philosophical Research. 37: 337-356. doi:10.5840/jpr20123716. 20 Ekim 2023 tarihinde kaynağından arşivlendi (PDF)25 Haziran 2025.
^ Sully, James (1877). Pessimism: A History and a Criticism. Londra: Henry S. King & Co. s. 38.
^ ^a ^b Ligotti, Thomas (2011). The Conspiracy Against the Human Race: A Contrivance of Horror. New York: Hippocampus Press. ISBN 978-0-9844802-7-2. OCLC 805656473.
^ Cabrera, Julio (2019). Discomfort and Moral Impediment: The Human Situation, Radical Bioethics and Procreation (İngilizce). Newcastle upon Tyne: Cambridge Scholars Publishing. ISBN 978-1-5275-1803-2. OCLC 1078636651.
^ Casey, M. (2019) “Book Review: Discomfort and Moral Impediment by Julio Cabrera (Cambridge Scholars Publishing: 2019)”, Dianoia: The Undergraduate Philosophy Journal of Boston College, (VI), pp. 91–97. doi: 10.6017/dupjbc.v6i1.11741.
^ Cabrera, Julio (2020). La Forma del Mundo: Ensayo sobre la muerte del ser. Elementos de Metafilosofía Primera [The Form Of The World: Essay on the death of being. Elements of the First Metaphilosophy.] (İspanyolca). Ed. do Autor. ISBN 978-6500084023. 14 Nisan 2025 tarihinde kaynağından arşivlendi.
^ Camus, Albert (2018). The Myth of Sisyphus. O'Brien, Justin tarafından çevrildi. New York: Vintage International. ISBN 978-0-525-56700-4. OCLC 1076457902.
^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f Dienstag, Joshua Foa (2009). Pessimism: Philosophy, Ethic, Spirit. Princeton, New Jersey: Princeton University Press. ISBN 978-0-691-14112-1.
^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f ^g van der Lugt, Mara (2021). Dark Matters: Pessimism and the Problem of Suffering. Princeton: Princeton University Press. ISBN 978-0-691-20662-2.
^ Caraco, Albert (1982). Le bréviaire du chaos (in French).
^ Cooper, David E. (2024). Pessimism, Quietism and Nature as Refuge. Agenda Publishing. ISBN 978-1788217705.
^ Laërtius, Diogenes (1925). "Socrates, with predecessors and followers: Hegesias (subsection of Aristippus)". Lives of the Eminent Philosophers. 1:2. Hicks, Robert Drew tarafından çevrildi (Two volume bas.). Loeb Classical Library.
^ Dalton, Drew M. (15 Ekim 2023). The Matter of Evil: From Speculative Realism to Ethical Pessimism. Northwestern University Press. ISBN 978-0810146402.
^ Horstmann, Ulrich (1985). Das Untier: Konturen einer Philosophie der Menschenflucht (Almanca). Suhrkamp. ISBN 978-3518376720.
^ ^a ^b Rozveh, Nasser Ghasemi (2013). "The Comparative Survey of Pessimism in Abul Ala Al-Maarri and Hakim Omar Khayyam Poems" (PDF). Journal of Basic and Applied Scientific Research. 3 (3): 405-413. ISSN 2090-4304. 4 Temmuz 2024 tarihinde kaynağından (PDF) arşivlendi25 Haziran 2025.
^ Michelstaedter, Carlo (2004). Persuasion and Rhetoric. Yale University Press. ISBN 9780300104349.
^ Schopenhauer, Arthur (2010). Welchman, Alistair; Janaway, Christopher; Norman, Judith (Ed.). The World as Will and Representation. 1. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. doi:10.1017/CBO9780511780943. ISBN 978-0-521-87184-6.
^ Schopenhauer, Arthur (2018). Welchman, Alistair; Janaway, Christopher; Norman, Judith (Ed.). The World as Will and Representation. 2. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. doi:10.1017/9780511843112. ISBN 978-0-521-87034-4.
^ Thacker, Eugene (17 Temmuz 2018). Infinite Resignation. Repeater. ISBN 978-1912248193.
^ Herman Tønnessen - Happiness is for the Pigs: Philosophy versus Psychotherapy (1966)
^ Unamuno, Miguel de. The Tragic Sense of Life. 14 Mayıs 2023 tarihinde kaynağından arşivlendi. Erişim tarihi: 1 Kasım 2024.
^ Zapffe, Peter Wessel (2004). "The Last Messiah". Philosophy Now, 45. Tangenes, Gisle R. tarafından çevrildi. ss. 35-39. ISSN 0961-5970. 22 Eylül 2020 tarihinde kaynağından arşivlendi25 Haziran 2025.
^ Zapffe, Peter Wessel (2024). On the Tragic. Peter Lang Inc., International Academic Publishers. ISBN 978-1-636-67488-9.

[Beiser-1] ^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f Beiser, Frederick C. (2016). Weltschmerz: Pessimism in German Philosophy, 1860–1900 (İngilizce). Oxford: Oxford University Press. ISBN 978-0-19-876871-5. OCLC 929590292. 29 Eylül 2024 tarihinde kaynağından arşivlendi. Erişim tarihi: 25 Haziran 2025.

[Sully-P-2] Sully, James (1877). Pessimism: A History and a Criticism (İngilizce). Londra: Henry S. King & Co.

[Benatar-BNTHB-3] Benatar, David (2006). Better Never to Have Been: The Harm of Coming into Existence. Oxford University Press. ISBN 978-0199296422.

[Coates-AN-4] Coates, Ken (2016). Anti-Natalism: Rejectionist Philosophy from Buddhism to Benatar. First Edition Design Publishing. ISBN 978-1506-902-40-1.

[Prescott-WPI-5] Prescott, Paul (2012). "What Pessimism Is" (PDF). Journal of Philosophical Research. 37: 337-356. doi:10.5840/jpr20123716. 20 Ekim 2023 tarihinde kaynağından arşivlendi (PDF)25 Haziran 2025.

[6] Sully, James (1877). Pessimism: A History and a Criticism. Londra: Henry S. King & Co. s. 38.

[Ligotti-TCATHR-7] Ligotti, Thomas (2011). The Conspiracy Against the Human Race: A Contrivance of Horror. New York: Hippocampus Press. ISBN 978-0-9844802-7-2. OCLC 805656473.

[Cabrera-DMI-8] Cabrera, Julio (2019). Discomfort and Moral Impediment: The Human Situation, Radical Bioethics and Procreation (İngilizce). Newcastle upon Tyne: Cambridge Scholars Publishing. ISBN 978-1-5275-1803-2. OCLC 1078636651.

[9] Casey, M. (2019) “Book Review: Discomfort and Moral Impediment by Julio Cabrera (Cambridge Scholars Publishing: 2019)”, Dianoia: The Undergraduate Philosophy Journal of Boston College, (VI), pp. 91–97. doi: 10.6017/dupjbc.v6i1.11741.

[10] Cabrera, Julio (2020). La Forma del Mundo: Ensayo sobre la muerte del ser. Elementos de Metafilosofía Primera [The Form Of The World: Essay on the death of being. Elements of the First Metaphilosophy.] (İspanyolca). Ed. do Autor. ISBN 978-6500084023. 14 Nisan 2025 tarihinde kaynağından arşivlendi.

[Camus-TMOS-11] Camus, Albert (2018). The Myth of Sisyphus. O'Brien, Justin tarafından çevrildi. New York: Vintage International. ISBN 978-0-525-56700-4. OCLC 1076457902.

[Dienstag-12] ^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f Dienstag, Joshua Foa (2009). Pessimism: Philosophy, Ethic, Spirit. Princeton, New Jersey: Princeton University Press. ISBN 978-0-691-14112-1.

[van-der-Lugt-DM-13] ^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f ^g van der Lugt, Mara (2021). Dark Matters: Pessimism and the Problem of Suffering. Princeton: Princeton University Press. ISBN 978-0-691-20662-2.

[14] Caraco, Albert (1982). Le bréviaire du chaos (in French).

[15] Cooper, David E. (2024). Pessimism, Quietism and Nature as Refuge. Agenda Publishing. ISBN 978-1788217705.

[Laertius-TLOEP-16] Laërtius, Diogenes (1925). "Socrates, with predecessors and followers: Hegesias (subsection of Aristippus)". Lives of the Eminent Philosophers. 1:2. Hicks, Robert Drew tarafından çevrildi (Two volume bas.). Loeb Classical Library.

[Dalton-TME-17] Dalton, Drew M. (15 Ekim 2023). The Matter of Evil: From Speculative Realism to Ethical Pessimism. Northwestern University Press. ISBN 978-0810146402.

[Hosrtmann-DU-18] Horstmann, Ulrich (1985). Das Untier: Konturen einer Philosophie der Menschenflucht (Almanca). Suhrkamp. ISBN 978-3518376720.

[Al-Maarri-Khayyam-19] Rozveh, Nasser Ghasemi (2013). "The Comparative Survey of Pessimism in Abul Ala Al-Maarri and Hakim Omar Khayyam Poems" (PDF). Journal of Basic and Applied Scientific Research. 3 (3): 405-413. ISSN 2090-4304. 4 Temmuz 2024 tarihinde kaynağından (PDF) arşivlendi25 Haziran 2025.

[Michelstaedter-PR-20] Michelstaedter, Carlo (2004). Persuasion and Rhetoric. Yale University Press. ISBN 9780300104349.

[Schopenhauer-WWR1-21] Schopenhauer, Arthur (2010). Welchman, Alistair; Janaway, Christopher; Norman, Judith (Ed.). The World as Will and Representation. 1. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. doi:10.1017/CBO9780511780943. ISBN 978-0-521-87184-6.

[Schopenhauer-WWR2-22] Schopenhauer, Arthur (2018). Welchman, Alistair; Janaway, Christopher; Norman, Judith (Ed.). The World as Will and Representation. 2. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. doi:10.1017/9780511843112. ISBN 978-0-521-87034-4.

[Thacker-IR-23] Thacker, Eugene (17 Temmuz 2018). Infinite Resignation. Repeater. ISBN 978-1912248193.

[Tønnessen-24] Herman Tønnessen - Happiness is for the Pigs: Philosophy versus Psychotherapy (1966)

[Unamuno-TSL-25] Unamuno, Miguel de. The Tragic Sense of Life. 14 Mayıs 2023 tarihinde kaynağından arşivlendi. Erişim tarihi: 1 Kasım 2024.

[Zapffe-TLM-26] Zapffe, Peter Wessel (2004). "The Last Messiah". Philosophy Now, 45. Tangenes, Gisle R. tarafından çevrildi. ss. 35-39. ISSN 0961-5970. 22 Eylül 2020 tarihinde kaynağından arşivlendi25 Haziran 2025.

[Zapffe-OT-27] Zapffe, Peter Wessel (2024). On the Tragic. Peter Lang Inc., International Academic Publishers. ISBN 978-1-636-67488-9.

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g t d Felsefî karamsarlık
Filozoflar	Kireneli Hegesias Giacomo Leopardi Arthur Schopenhauer Julius Bahnsen Olga Plümacher Philipp Mainländer Eduard von Hartmann Agnes Taubert Peter Wessel Zapffe Emil Cioran Julio Cabrera David Benatar Drew Dalton
Kavramlar	Antinatalizm Benatar asimetri argümanı Depresif gerçekçilik Duḥkha Felsefi karamsarlığın tarihi Misantropi Kötülük problemi Radikal kötülük Weltschmerz Yaban hayvanı ızdırabı
İlgili makaleler	Absürdizm Nihilizm Yaşama isteği Felsefi karamsarlık bibliyografyası Karamsar edebiyat listesi